CODEX 1.3
Please make your selection from the above CODEX menu options for Episode 1.3
KEY-TEXT A
cēna
Caecilius cum Recentiīs cēnam exspectat. coquus cēnam in culīnā parat. coquus cibum in culīnā coquit. coquus est servus. in ferculum pāvōnem et glīrēs pōnit. coquus quoque crustulum celeriter coquit. ancilla vīnum ex urnā in pōculum fundit. ēheu! urna est vacua! ancilla ad forum ambulat et vīnum emit.
cēna tandem est parāta. Caecilius in triclīniō sedet. Caecilius pāvōnem gustat et coquum laudat. coquus est laetus. deinde vīnum gustat et ancillam laudat. ancilla est laeta. Caecilius cēnam cum Recentiīs edit. tum Caecilius fābulam dē Rōmā nārrat.
Visual Walkthrough
KEY-TEXT B
in agrīs
post cēnam, Recentiī in vīllā Caeciliī dormiunt. Tiberius in suō cubiculō dormit. Caecilius in suō cubiculō dormit. eheu! canis Tiberiī in vīllā nōn dormit sed in viā dormit.
postrīdiē Tiberius manē surgit quod necesse est ambulāre ad agrōs cum patre. Caecilius multōs agrōs habet quod multam pecūniam habet. Tiberius et Caecilius ad agrōs festīnant sed Recentiōs in vīllā relinquunt. agrī prope Pompēiōs sunt, sed nōn in urbe Pompēiīs.
in agrīs multae arborēs sunt. arborēs olīvās habent. sunt olīvae! Tiberius saepe cum patre in agrīs labōrat. fīlius paterque diū labōrant. fīlius auxilium patrī dat. Tiberius arborem lentē ascendit et, in arbore, olīvās dēcutit. olīvae ad terram cadunt! Caecilius cum multīs servīs olīvās celeriter colligit. Caecilius olīvās in saccō pōnit. Tiberius tunc ex arbore lentē dēscendit et aliam arborem celeriter ascendit.
mōx Caecilius est fessus. urnam habet et vīnum ex urnā in pōculum fundit. Caecilius vīnum bibit. Tiberius vīnum nōn bibit sed aquam bibit. servī quoque aquam bibunt.
subitō terra tremere incipit. terra brevī tempore tremit. Caecilius clāmat, "tempus est revenīre ad vīllam."
Tiberius respondet, "ita vērō, pater. sum territus." Tiberius cum patre ad vīllam revenit.
Visual Walkthrough
Informational Text
Cēna Rōmāna 
famīlia cēnam cōnsumit in trīclīniō. in trīclīniō sunt lectī et mēnsa. famīlia nōn sedet in sellīs, sed reclīnat in lectīs. saepe hospitēs sunt in trīclīniō sed multī circum trīclīnium stant, nōn reclīnant. saepe hī hospitēs sunt clientēs patris famīliae.
servī in trīclīniō laborant; aliī cēnam parant, aliī cibum vīnumque portant, aliī cantant saltantque.
in murīs trīclīniī sunt multae pictūrae. saepe pictūrae indicant fābulās mȳthicās. deī deaque, hērōēs, et mōnstra sunt in pictūrīs.
prīmum est gustātiō. famīlia reclīnat in lectīs et gustātiōnem cōnsumit. in gustātiōne sunt ōva, olīvae, holera, glīrēs, mulsum (vīnum cum melle) et panis.
secundum est prīma mēnsa. in prīmā mēnsā est carō - pavō, cervus, porcus, bōs, pullus, piscis, camēlopardālis, et alia.
tertium (et ultimum) est secunda mēnsa. secunda mēnsa est caseum, fructūs, et nūcēs. fructūs sunt mala, pira, fīcī, ūvae, prūna, cerāsa, bacae, mala Pūnica, mala Persica, mala Armeniāca, melō, et palmae. nōnnumquam est crustulum. crustulum est panis cum fructibus aut cum caseō et melle. crustulum est dulce.
cēna est māgna. cēna nōn est vespere, cum sōl dormit. cēna est paulō post merīdiē. famīlia multum tempus diēī cēnam cōnsumit medio in diē, sed cēna est māgna, et famīlia multum tempus diēī cēnam cōnsumit.
GRAMMATICA
Word Order
Operative, you may have noticed something about Latin that would be very strange in English: the words of a sentence can stand in almost any order, and the meaning does not change. In the KEY-TEXT you met:
coquus cēnam in culīnā parat.
the cook prepares dinner in the kitchen.
The verb parat comes last. That is a common habit in Latin, but it is only a habit, not a rule. coquus parat cēnam in culīnā and in culīnā coquus cēnam parat all say the same thing. The endings, not the order, tell you who does what: coquus is the one preparing because of its nominative ending, and cēnam is the thing prepared because of its accusative -m. This is why learning the endings has been worth your effort. They free the words to move.
You may wish to view this short briefing on Latin word order, courtesy of latintutorial.com.
There is one place where order is not free: the preposition. A preposition (a little word such as in, ad, prope, cum, ex) must stand immediately before the noun it goes with. You could rewrite Sextus in viā est as Sextus est in viā without any change in meaning, but in must stay locked in front of viā. The preposition and its noun work as a single unit. Think of them as two LEGO® bricks pressed together: you can move the pair anywhere in the sentence, but you cannot pull the two bricks apart.
Notice too that the noun after a preposition often takes an ending you have not been formally taught yet, as in in culīnā, in triclīniō, in arbore. For now it is enough to recognize the preposition-plus-noun as one piece and read it as a unit.
Operative, one last thing to notice, not to master. Just as in English, some Latin words describe nouns (we call these adjectives) and some describe verbs (we call these adverbs). You have already seen an adjective change its ending to match the noun it describes, back when malīgnus became malīgna to go with vōx. Adjectives often echo the ending of their noun in this way, which is one more clue that two words belong together even when they sit apart. Adverbs, for their part, tend to sit near their verb and frequently end in -ē, as in coquus celeriter coquit or coquus lentē labōrat.
You will also meet words like grātissimum (“most welcome,” “very welcome”) and optimam (“the best”). These are adjectives in a special, intensified form. You do not need to do anything with that form yet; simply take the meaning (“most ___,” “the best ___”) and move on. The operation will return to how these are built when the time is right.
VERBA
| Latin | English | Part of Speech |
| dīcit | she/he says | verb |
| ego | I | pronoun |
| magnus | great, large | adjective |
| pater | father | noun |
| quoque | also, too | conjunction |
CULTURALIA
Episode 1.3a
Operative, you are asked by Sextus to find the House of Caecilius. You start from Sextus’ house, known today as the House of Menander. Once you reach the House of Caecilius, you should try to win his favor. Use what you know of Pompeian geography to engage him in small-talk, and you may find it useful to speak of his son, Tiberius, in light of this great TED video:
Who Caecilius was. Lucius Caecilius Iucundus was a real Pompeian, and one we know more about than almost any other ordinary resident of the town. He was a banker, an argentārius, which in Pompeii meant something broader than a modern banker: he ran auctions, advanced loans to buyers, collected debts, and took a commission (a mercēs) on the deals he brokered. He was, in effect, the man who stood between buyer and seller and made the money move.
How we know. When his house was excavated in 1875, archaeologists found a wooden chest holding more than 150 wax tablets (tabulae): his business archive, carbonized but still partly legible. Each tablet was a small triptych of wooden leaves coated in wax, written on with a metal stylus that bit through the wax into the wood beneath (which is why we can still read many of them). They record auctions, loans, and payments of civic taxes between roughly 27 and 62 CE. This is one of only a handful of private archives to survive from the entire Roman world, and it is the reason a single Pompeian banker is famous two thousand years later.
Why the tablets matter. Beyond the money, the tablets list the witnesses to each transaction, and Iucundus had them sign in order of social rank. So the archive is not just an account book; it is a map of who outranked whom in Pompeii, a rare direct glimpse of the town’s social ladder. The records also show how credit and trust worked in a Roman town: deals secured not by a bank as an institution but by named, ranked human witnesses.
Writing on the walls. The house preserves more than its archive. Among the graffiti scratched on its walls is a small verse on love: may those who love flourish, may anyone who cannot love perish, and may whoever would forbid love perish twice over. Another, probably scratched after Iucundus’ own lifetime, declares his son Quintus’ support for a candidate named Ceius Secundus, who was standing for the office of duumvir (one of the two senior annual magistrates of the town). Graffiti like these are worth pausing over: they are the unguarded voice of the people who actually lived in the house and the street, recording love, politics, and daily life in a way the formal record never does.
The man himself. The last tablets date to just before the great earthquake of 62 CE, and Iucundus seems not to appear in any record afterward; many think he died in or around that disaster, well before Vesuvius buried the town in 79. We are not certain. In your immersion it is 79 CE, and the Caecilius who opens his door to you is alive and well: the TSTT exercises its license to keep him in the story, as other tellings of Pompeii have done. Hold both the history and the immersion in mind, operative; learning to weigh one against the other is itself part of the work.
For information about the remains of this house, follow this link.
The Demiurge advises that all operatives obtain extra LP by using the cultural knowledge and skills they discover to contribute both as lead operatives and as team-members.
Episode 1.3b
For the second half of this episode, operatives are instructed to learn what they can about Roman eating by research in the following directions:
On Roman cuisine, see this link. Food and dining changed slightly during the Roman Empire.
For images and other information about the Roman triclinium see this link. There is also some great summarized information about the Roman Cena here.
Your informational text Cēna Rōmāna walks you through the meal in Latin: the gustātiō (the opening course, with eggs, olives, vegetables, dormice, mulsum, and bread), the prīma mēnsa (the main course, built around meat), and the secunda mēnsa (the closing course of cheese, fruit, and nuts, sometimes a sweet crustulum). Notice the shape of it: a Roman dinner was structured in named courses, eaten reclining (reclīnat in lectīs, not sitting in chairs), often before guests and clients of the household, and timed not for the evening but a little after midday (paulō post merīdiē). Reading that text closely is the fastest way to prepare to dine convincingly inside the TSTT.
Lastly, feel free to watch this informative video about the whole cēna, start to finish:
Helpful Vocabulary for Constructing Your Response
Greetings operatives! Lusy here; I decided to swoop in and give you a bit of assistance for when it comes time to construct your response. Feel free to use any of the words (or phrases) here when telling the story of your Recentius or Recentia dining like a Roman in the villa of Caecilius! Remember, you've also read many stories from which you are able to draw inspiration and remix the language to become your own.
| Food & Drink (object form) | Items (object form) | Actions |
|---|---|---|
| aqua (aquam) | fericulum (in fericulō) | bibit |
| carō (carnem) | lectus (lectum) | cantat |
| caseus (caseum) | ligula (ligulam) | colloquitur |
| cena (cenam) | mappa (mappam) | edit |
| cibus (cibum) | mensa (mensam) | expectat |
| crustulum | poculum (in poculō) | fundit |
| fīcus (fīcum) | pulvinus (pulvinum) | gustat |
| garum (cum garō) | soleae (soleas) | laudat |
| glīs (glīrem, glīrēs) | gustatio | lavat |
| holera | primae mensae | narrat |
| lāc | secundae mensae | portat |
| legumen (legumina) | poscit | |
| mālum | recitat | |
| mel (cum mellibus) | recumbit | |
| mulsum | removit | |
| nux (nucem, nucēs) | rogat | |
| olivae (olivās) | sedet | |
| ovum (ovum, ova) | agit gratiās | |
| pānis (panem) | ||
| pavō (pavōnem) | ||
| pīrum | ||
| uvae (uvās) | ||
| vīnum |
ATTUNEMENT
Attunement, Episode 1.3
Preview each exercise, then copy it into your own Google Drive to complete it.
1.3.a - Sort the Courses
sort · 3 courses1.3.b - Complete and Translate
complete + translate · 6 items1.3.c - Compare the Meals
compare · chart + question1.3.d - CULTURALIA Comprehension Questions
culturalia · 6 questions1.3.e - KEY-TEXT B Comprehension Questions
comprehension · 7 questionsMemorātiō
reflect · recall your pathFor this Memorātiō, think back on your evening at the house of Caecilius. How did you find your way there, and how did you earn a place at his table? You dined at a true Roman cēna: what did you eat, and what about the meal felt strange or familiar to you? Who is Caecilius, and why might his favor matter to you in the days ahead?
Hold on to what you write here. The connections you make now, and the favor you earn, may open doors as the operation continues in the weeks ahead.