C. Iulius Caesar, De Bello Gallico 6.13.1–7

The campaign narrative breaks off for Caesar's account of Gallic society. The subject is the standing of the ordinary population and the two classes that hold any position in Gaul, one of which is the druids. The passage covers the druids' religious role and their judicial authority.

 

Tier 1

in Galliā sunt duo genera hominum quī honōrem habent.

 

cēterī hominēs sunt paene servī. nihil per sē audent. nēmō eōs in cōnsilium vocat. multī enim hominēs pecūniam dēbent. aliī multam pecūniam prīncipibus dare dēbent. aliī iniūriās ā potentibus accipiunt. itaque sē nōbilibus dant et servī fīunt. nōbilēs eadem iūra in hōs hominēs habent quae dominī in servōs habent.

 

genus alterum est druidum, genus alterum equitum. druidēs rēbus dīvīnīs intersunt. sacrificia pūblica et prīvāta cūrant. Gallōs dē deīs docent. magnus numerus adulēscentium ad druidēs venit. adulēscentēs ā druidibus discunt. Gallī druidēs magnō honōre habent.

 

druidēs dē omnibus rēbus iūdicant, et pūblicīs et prīvātīs. sī quis scelus fēcit, sī quis hominem interfēcit, sī duo hominēs dē pecūniā aut dē agrīs contendunt, druidēs iūdicant. druidēs praemia poenāsque cōnstituunt.

 

sī quis nōn facit id quod druidēs cōnstituunt, druidēs dīcunt: 'tū ad sacrificia venīre nōn potes.' haec poena apud Gallōs est gravissima. omnēs putant: 'hī hominēs sunt malī. hī deōs nōn cūrant.' itaque omnēs ab hīs hominibus dēcēdunt. nēmō cum hīs loquitur. omnēs enim malum accipere timent. sī hī hominēs auxilium petunt, nēmō eīs auxilium dat. nēmō eīs honōrem dat.

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